Localizability in de Sitter space

An analogue of the Newton-Wigner position operator is defined for a massive neutral scalar field in de Sitter space. The one-particle subspace of the theory, consisting of positive-energy solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation selected by the Hadamard condition, is identified with an irreducible representation of de Sitter group. Postulates of localizability analogous to those written by Wightman for fields in Minkowski space are formulated on it, and a unique solution is shown to exist. A simple expression for the time-evolution of the operator is presented.Comment: Presentation improved; references adde

Multiple classical limits in relativistic and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics

The existence of a classical limit describing interacting particles in a second-quantized theory of identical particles with bosonic symmetry is proved. This limit exists in addition to a previously established classical limit with a classical field behavior, showing that the limit $\hbar \to 0$ of the theory is not unique. An analogous result is valid for a free massive scalar field: two distinct classical limits are proved to exist, describing a system of particles or a classical field. The introduction of local operators in order to represent kinematical properties of interest is shown to break the permutation symmetry under some localizability conditions, allowing the study of individual particle properties.Comment: 13 page

Topological low-temperature limit of Z(2) spin-gauge theory in three dimensions

We study Z(2) lattice gauge theory on triangulations of a compact 3-manifold. We reformulate the theory algebraically, describing it in terms of the structure constants of a bidimensional vector space H equipped with algebra and coalgebra structures, and prove that in the low-temperature limit H reduces to a Hopf Algebra, in which case the theory becomes equivalent to a topological field theory. The degeneracy of the ground state is shown to be a topological invariant. This fact is used to compute the zeroth- and first-order terms in the low-temperature expansion of Z for arbitrary triangulations. In finite temperatures, the algebraic reformulation gives rise to new duality relations among classical spin models, related to changes of basis of H.Comment: 10 pages, no figure

Scott-Knott classification in two cultivation epochs from topcrosses among food type and grain type soybean.

Exist a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) classification in two groups in agreement with yours principal uses: the first group, denominated grain type is employed manly in the bran and oil production, with medium grain size (one hundred seed weight (HSW) varying among 10 at 19 g), however have undesirable flavor; the second group is denominated food type, with flavor taste, constituted by two subgroups, the first with HSW smaller than 10 g, consumed in the sprouts form and natto (fermented) and the second with HSW presenting 20 g or more, being consumed directly by human principally in the immature pod form (R6 stage from the Fehr & Caviness scale (1977)) how snack, being enominated vegetable soybean, green soybean or edamame; presenting also the subgroups denominated sweet soybean (kuromame) and salad soybean (Vello, 1992). The main characteristics presented by the vegetable soybean are big seeds; sweetened flavor (similar to the nuts); carbohydrate content high; without or smaller undesirable smell (Rackis et al., 1979; Carrao-Panizzi, 1989; Orf, 1989; Vello, 1992) and smaller anti-nutritional factors content, principally the Bowmann Birk and Kunitz anti proteases (Orf, 1989), characters existent in Japanese and Chinese genotypes principally; such genotypes have been introduced in Brazil for the improvement of the soy being sought the human feeding, because the soybean cultivate in Brazil is from the type grain with medium size seeds (PCS between 10 and 19 g) and flavor bitter, astringent, besides of the high lipoxigenases tenor and anti nutritional substances presence.bitstream/item/160292/1/43scottGilberto.pd

Physiological quality in seeds obtained by topcrosses between vegetable soybean and grain type.

Esforços foram feitos para estudar o efeito da introgressão de genes para alta qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cultivares adaptados na soja alimento (considerados exóticos). Resultados promissores foram obtidos para todos os topocruzamentos, com aumento na porcentagem de germinação na maioria dos materiais avaliados. A média geral da porcentagem de germinação nos topocruzamentos com parentais exóticos de sementes grandes mostraram aumentos de 28 a 46%, e topocruzamentos com parentais exóticos de sementes pequenas de 54 a mais de 60%, ambos os casos comparados com os parentais exóticos auto fecundados. Em relação a variância, os topocruzamentos apresentaram valores maiores do que os parentais exóticos auto fecundados, mostrando a possibilidade de seleção de soja alimento com sementes com maiores porcentagens de emergência

Evaluation of the vegetable soybean seedlings production by speedling styrofoam in comparison at the traditional system.

Exist a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) classification in two groups in agreement with yours principal uses: the firts group, denominated grain type is employed manly in the bran and oil production, with medium grain size varying among...bitstream/item/160291/1/42mudasGilberto.pd

Evaluation of the average performance of topcrosses among food and grain type soybean.

A soja tipo alimento (genótipos exóticos), geralmente, não são adaptados às condições de cultivo do Brasil. Uma estratégia de melhoramento visando desenvolver uma soja tipo alimento adaptada pode envolver o cruzamento do genótipo exótico com os adaptados do tipo grão. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho de topocruzamentos de soja tipo alimento com tipo grão. Os resultados obtidos foram: a) as melhores progênies apresentaram taxas diferentes de desempenho em cada ambiente; e b) a análise conjunta para L (acamamento), PHM (altura da planta na maturidade) e AV (valor agronômico) foram essenciais para auxiliar na seleção de plantas com bom desempenho para um caráter e mau em outro; c) o ambiente PA (Piracicaba outono) causou baixo desempenho para IPY (produção de grãos por planta), e consequentemente, o cultivo neste período do ano não é economicamente viável; d) as melhores progênies apresentaram médias apropriadas para inclusão na categoria de soja alimento em todo os ambientes

Avaliação do comportamento de progenies de soja tipo alimento com tipo grão pelo histograma.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar prelinarmente o uso de histogramas para visualização do desempenho de progenies de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) em três ambientes, permitindo detectar o efeito da interação genotipos x ambiente (G x E)